Interpretation

http://w3id.org/opino/Interpretation

as defined in OPINO - OPinions and INterpretations Ontology

version info
0.2.0
version
imports
Title
OPINO - OPinions and INterpretations Ontology
Description
OPINO is a DOLCE+DnS Ultralite-based ontology design pattern for representing scholarly opinions and interpretations in cultural heritage knowledge graphs. An Opinion is an information object that expresses a Predicative Content, a collection of Predications (reified claims). Each Predication is a situation with a subject, a predicate and an object, read through a claim-type Description and, where relevant, holding at a time. Epistemic status, confidence and certainty attach to each Predication, so the claims of an Opinion are qualified individually, or to the Predicative Content as a default for its members; the subclasses Assertion, Belief, Hypothesis and Conjecture classify Predications by status, and Reference marks a claim reported from another source. Argumentative relations (supports, evidences, conflicts with, negates, concludes that) link Predications, and hasAuthor shortcuts the provenance path from an Opinion to its author. Informed by the DOLCE epistemic layer (Masolo et al.) and the MITE observation ontology (Sanfilippo et al.), and aligned with HiCO, PROV-O, RDF reification and CRMinf. Developed within the INFINITY project (Horizon Europe, grant agreement no. 101233051). Competency questions with SPARQL queries and a worked example are in the documentation linked from dcterms:source.
Creator
Andrea Schimmenti
Publisher
License
Rights
Released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence (CC BY 4.0).
Source
see also
Alternative Title
OPINO
Bibliographic Citation
Schimmenti, A. (2026). OPINO - OPinions and INterpretations Ontology, version 0.2.0. Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna. http://w3id.org/opino/0.2.0
code repository
Date Created
2026-04-30
Date Issued
2026-10-21
Date Modified
2026-10-24
history note
Successor of the working draft PINO (Propositional Interpretation of situatioNs Ontology, v0.1.0, 2026-04-30). Versioning restarted at 0.2.0 for the first public release.
image
Language
en
logo
preferred namespace prefix
opino
preferred namespace uri
http://w3id.org/opino/
References
status
Subject
cultural heritage
epistemic status
knowledge graphs
scholarly interpretation
Other visualisation
WebVOWL Source
Export
Turtle RDF/XML JSON-LD N-Triples

Interpretation
c

IRI: http://w3id.org/opino/Interpretation

comment
An Opinion that puts forward its claims as the outcome of an interpretation. It is a primitive subclass of Opinion with a sufficient but not necessary condition, stated as a general class axiom (Opinion and prov:wasGeneratedBy some hico:InterpretationAct SubClassOf Interpretation): an Opinion linked with prov:wasGeneratedBy to a hico:InterpretationAct is classified here by a reasoner, but an Interpretation can also be asserted directly, without recording the act or using HiCO. Using interprets on an Opinion also classifies it here, through the domain of that property. An Opinion with neither the act nor the type (for example one transcribed from a catalogue card) remains a plain Opinion, and it is not wrong or incomplete for that. Example: the attribution of a painting to a workshop, recorded as the outcome of an interpretation act by a scholar.
en
is defined by
http://w3id.org/opino/
is in domain of
interpretsop
is in range of
is interpreted inop
is sub class of
Opinionc
is super class of
(
Opinionc
and
wasGeneratedByop
some
interpretation actc
)
label
Interpretation
en

@prefix ns1: <http://w3id.org/opino/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

ns1: {
    ns1:Interpretation a owl:Class ;
        rdfs:label "Interpretation"@en ;
        rdfs:comment "An Opinion that puts forward its claims as the outcome of an interpretation. It is a primitive subclass of Opinion with a sufficient but not necessary condition, stated as a general class axiom (Opinion and prov:wasGeneratedBy some hico:InterpretationAct SubClassOf Interpretation): an Opinion linked with prov:wasGeneratedBy to a hico:InterpretationAct is classified here by a reasoner, but an Interpretation can also be asserted directly, without recording the act or using HiCO. Using interprets on an Opinion also classifies it here, through the domain of that property. An Opinion with neither the act nor the type (for example one transcribed from a catalogue card) remains a plain Opinion, and it is not wrong or incomplete for that. Example: the attribution of a painting to a workshop, recorded as the outcome of an interpretation act by a scholar."@en ;
        rdfs:isDefinedBy "http://w3id.org/opino/"^^xsd:anyURI ;
        rdfs:subClassOf ns1:Opinion .
}


[
  {
    "@graph": [
      {
        "@id": "http://w3id.org/opino/Interpretation",
        "@type": [
          "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"
        ],
        "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment": [
          {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "An Opinion that puts forward its claims as the outcome of an interpretation. It is a primitive subclass of Opinion with a sufficient but not necessary condition, stated as a general class axiom (Opinion and prov:wasGeneratedBy some hico:InterpretationAct SubClassOf Interpretation): an Opinion linked with prov:wasGeneratedBy to a hico:InterpretationAct is classified here by a reasoner, but an Interpretation can also be asserted directly, without recording the act or using HiCO. Using interprets on an Opinion also classifies it here, through the domain of that property. An Opinion with neither the act nor the type (for example one transcribed from a catalogue card) remains a plain Opinion, and it is not wrong or incomplete for that. Example: the attribution of a painting to a workshop, recorded as the outcome of an interpretation act by a scholar."
          }
        ],
        "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy": [
          {
            "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyURI",
            "@value": "http://w3id.org/opino/"
          }
        ],
        "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
          {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "Interpretation"
          }
        ],
        "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf": [
          {
            "@id": "http://w3id.org/opino/Opinion"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "@id": "http://w3id.org/opino/"
  }
]
<http://w3id.org/opino/Interpretation> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "An Opinion that puts forward its claims as the outcome of an interpretation. It is a primitive subclass of Opinion with a sufficient but not necessary condition, stated as a general class axiom (Opinion and prov:wasGeneratedBy some hico:InterpretationAct SubClassOf Interpretation): an Opinion linked with prov:wasGeneratedBy to a hico:InterpretationAct is classified here by a reasoner, but an Interpretation can also be asserted directly, without recording the act or using HiCO. Using interprets on an Opinion also classifies it here, through the domain of that property. An Opinion with neither the act nor the type (for example one transcribed from a catalogue card) remains a plain Opinion, and it is not wrong or incomplete for that. Example: the attribution of a painting to a workshop, recorded as the outcome of an interpretation act by a scholar."@en <http://w3id.org/opino/> .
<http://w3id.org/opino/Interpretation> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class> <http://w3id.org/opino/> .
<http://w3id.org/opino/Interpretation> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#subClassOf> <http://w3id.org/opino/Opinion> <http://w3id.org/opino/> .
<http://w3id.org/opino/Interpretation> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Interpretation"@en <http://w3id.org/opino/> .
<http://w3id.org/opino/Interpretation> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy> "http://w3id.org/opino/"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#anyURI> <http://w3id.org/opino/> .
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